Moving-picture machine.



1-3.0. SWBDLUND. MOVING PICTURE MACHINE.

I APPLICATION FILED 00T.21,1913. 1,124,971 Patented Jan.12, 1915.

v fit 1 2] h @)f L? 7 Q & m J

gfi 7 I 7 6 Whoa WWW 'fizzz Jwm'zmaz, W

7628M ZWM ERICK. J. 'swEnLnnn, or. WILLISTON, Nome DAKOTA.

MOVIbTG-PICTURE MACHINE.

r aaevi.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 12, 1915.

Application filed October 21, 1913. Serial Ito 79613 86.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERICK J. SWEDLUND, a citizen of the United States of America, and resident of VVillisto'n, county of l/Vilharms, and State of North Dakota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Moving- Picture Machines, of

which the'following is a specification;

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in moving picture machines and it has for its objects among others to provide an improved form of-mov-' ing picture machine'by which the film or pictures move at constant speed so as to relieve the film from strain and wear caused by sudden starts and stops.

The invention has for a further object to provide a machine which, as a result of such movement, will show clearer pictures with less blurring 'and flickering, the changing of the pictures being e'lfected very quickly.

Still a further object is toprovide a machine of simple construction,- the mechanism of which shall be quick and positive in its action, so that each'picture will be exposed to view in such rapid succession as to appear at exactly the same time and place,

thereby eliminating the heretofore jerky movement, and by reason of, the rapid changing of the pictures a greater number can'be shown per second, thereby obtaining more perfect movements of the pictures. The construction is such that there will be no more .strain on the film at high speed than at low speed.

Other objects and advantages of the in 'vention will hereinafter appear and the novel featuresthereof will be pointed out in the appended claims. The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawing, which, with the numerals of reference marked thereon, form a part of this specification, and in which- Figure l is a side elevation, with parts in section and portions broken away, of a mov ing picture machine embodying my present improvements. Fig. 2 is a front view of the object lens with its ratchet wheel and associated parts. Fig. '3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Fig; 1-, looking inthe direction of the arrows.

Like numerals of reference indicate like parts throughout the difierent views.

Referring to the drawings, 1 and 2 designate the reels, 3 the film and 4 the frame or Support therefor, all of which may be of any well known or approved formof construction, it being understood that the parts not hereinafter specifically described may be of the conventional form or of any approved form suitable to the purpose.

5 is an object lens, of convex spherical form of suitable refractive power and as a convex lens is composed of an infinite number' of prisms with their bases extending to the center of thelens, such a lens when moved in either direction will deflect and move an object in a direction opposite to its own motion. By preference, I employ a convex lens of high refractive power for the moving object lens, and reduce the power by a concave lens as 6 mounted stationarily by the side of the moving object lens, as a igh power convex lens requires less motion to move the objects, as the motions are quicker. A lens such as shown at 6 mounted stationarily by the side of the moving convex lens 5 will reduce this motion but very little, but will reduce the refractive power of the convex lens to the extent of 1the negative dioptric value of the concave ens.

The object lens 5 is mounted in suitable guides or slideways 7 for limited up and down movement, and for imparting this reciprocatory movement to the object lens I ings, and a spring 10 secured at one end in any suitable manner as at portion of the frame or other stationary member, the other end of'thespring being connected with the under side of the frame 12 in which the lens is mounted, the connection in this instance being shown as in the form of a link 13, although other means of connection may be employed, as will be evident. Upon the under side of the spring 10 is a projection 14 in vertical alinement with the ratchet wheel, as seen in F igs'. l and 2. I

If desired, any suitable means may be employed for regulating the tension of the spring, as well as forming a stop for the upward movement thereof and in the present instance I have shown a screw 15 mount- 11 to some fixed in a suitable lug. orbearing' 16 on the xlfiamdithescrew being adjustable in such lug ior support and having one end'bearing against the spring adjacent its fixed end 11, asseen'in Fig. 1. I

17 is a wheel mounted .on a suitable shaft 18 supported inany suitable manner, said wheel having the teeth 19 for coiiperation with the holes in the film for moving the same. This toothed wheel 17 may be operated from the shaft 9 carrying the ratchet 8 in any suitable manner by gearing or other WVith the parts constructed and arranged substantially as hereinbeforeset'forth, the operation, briefly stated posing theratchet wheel 8 to be rotating at a constant rate .of speed by motor or hand power or other means and the picturesor film moving upward at a constant rate of.

speed, the object lens 5 will be moved up and. down with alternating fast and slow. movements. As the ratchet wheel 8 moves in the direction of the arrow shown inFig. i l

' 1. In a movlng'picture machine, a stal, the projection .14. onthe spring 10 riding on said wheel, the same will be gradually raised, thus raising the spring 10 upward until the point of each tooth isreached; then the spring. snaps back quickly, being unsupported, and the operation will thus,

be repeated as each tooth of the ratchet wheel comesinto play. It will, ofcourse,

be understood that this variable-forward nection shown. Fig. 1 clearly illustrates the movement and the result. Supposing the film or pictures'to be moving from 23 to 24. At the same time the object lens 5 is moving gradually upward, thus deflecting-the picture downward toward23. The-real up ward movement of thepictureand the apparent downward motion is to'have the same speed to neutralize each other, so that the picture as seen through the lens 5 will.

be motionless at 25 until the spring 10- being reli'eved'of its support by the onward move- 'ment of the ratchet wheel 8 snaps back from the top of the tooth by which it was raised to the bottomof thenext tooth, and as this spring snaps back the picture will move out of sight toward 24 and thenext picture will appear at 23, and as each successive picture on the film is in a slightly further, advanced stage, the pictures will appear moving when the change is made quickly. The return or downward movement of the spring 10 and lens 5 will be accomplished in a very small fraction of a second, and owing to the persistence of viis as follows Supi pictures will not be noticed.

vsion of the human eye the changingofthe While I prefer to use no shutter as the or reciprocating object lens and the constant speed ofthe film or objects and that the 1 mechanism for moving the objectflens and the film can be accomplished in many difier ent ways, that shown being given merely by way of illustration. It is also evident that the invention subject to changes, variations and modlficationsin detail, proportion of parts, .etc., without departing from the its advantages. I, therefore, do not intend to restrict myself to the particular construction or details hereinbefore disclosed, but reserve the right to make such changes, Va-

iriations and modifications as .come properly within the s'copeof the protection prayed.

What isclaimed as new is J tionary concave lens, a convex lens of suitable refractive power for coiiperation therewith, and means embodying a rotary mem-v ber and a resilient member cooperating therewith and permanently connected with said convex lens for moving the same for- 'wardand backward by alternate fast and i .slow movements of the latter. and backward motion is transmitted'to'the sliding object lens 5 by means' of the con- 2. In 'a moving picture machine, a Sta tionary concave lens, a convex lens, of su1t-,

able refractive power for cooperation'therefast and slow to make a picture that is moving at constant speed appear motionless.

3. In a moving picture machine, a mov- 4. In a moving picturemachine, an ob- I ject lens of suitable refractive power reciprocatorily. mounted for' alternate fast and spirit of the invention or sacrificing any of .ably mounted reciprocatory object lens disslow to and fro movements 'to deflect a picture to either side of a central point, and means pivotally mounted at one end and plvotally connected at the other end with with. or imparting a variable reciprocatory' motion to said object lens to make said moving pictures appear motionless.

n a moving picture machine, a plurality of pictures movable successively at a constant rate of speed, a convex object lens mounted a suitable distance from said pictures, and means embodying a resilient member and a rotary member cooperating therewith for impartingavariable reciprocatory motion to said object lens to make said moving pictures appear motionless, one of said movements being faster than the other .to make said moving pictures appear as one at a given point.

7 In a moving picture machine, a plurality of pictures mounted to move successively, means to move said pictures at a constant rate of speed, an object lens of suitable refractive power mounted a suitable distance from said moving pictures, means embodying a resilient member and a rotary member cooperating therewith for imparting continuous forward and back movements to said object lens, said forward and back movements to be of alternately fast and slow duration, the slow movements to have a speed to neutralize-the motion of said moving objects to make said moving pictures appear motionless at one place but to have an individual motion of their own, the fast movement of said object lens to have tively connected with the lens,

member,

a speed to make said moving pictures invisible to the eye.

8. In a moving picture machine, a plurality of pictures mounted to move successively, and means to move said pictures at a constant rate of speed, a convex object lens mounted to have a continuous forward and back alternately fast and slow motion, a concave lens mounted stationary and parallel with said moving convex lens to neutralize said convex lens to a suitable dioptric power to make said moving pictures appear as one picture at one place and to appear to have an individual motion and means timed with the film moving means and embodying a resilient member posiand a rotary for impartto the object member cooperating therewith ing said fast and slow motions lens.

9. In a moving picture machine, an object lens mounted for variable reoiprocatory motion, a pivoted spring member connected with said lens to move the same, a rotary member, and means on said rotary member for intermittent contact with said spring member.

10. In a moving picture machine, an object lens mounted for variable reciprocatory motion, a pivoted spring member connected with said lens to move the same, a rotary means on said rotary member for intermittent contact with said spring member, and adjustable means for varying the tension of said spring member.

Signed by me at Williston, N. D. this -17 day of October, 1913.

ERICK J. SWEDLUND.

Witnesses:

' O. J. HELLAND,

CARL GAUTHI'ER. 

